现代建筑, new developments in material science and progressive evolution of the built environment have led to a significant increase in the complexity of buildings. This evolution from “standard” building formats towards more complex geometries also requires transitioning from 2D design methods to 3D design solutions. Building Information Modeling (BIM) addresses traditional design methods' shortcomings.
什么是BIM?
通过使用聚合模型(通常是3D), BIM提供智能, model-based process for collaborative design of a building throughout its life cycle. The benefit of BIM is that it ultimately enables digital prototyping of the building. This allows an individual to check every detail before starting the construction and permit process to manage future changes better.
而不是依赖于单独的图纸, different team members - from clients and site managers to designers and health and safety advisors - can benefit from one coherent system of computer models. 它允许架构师, owners and contractors insight into how their contribution fits into the overall project.
使用BIM的自动消防安全设计检查
Achieving the true power of building information modeling requires all involved teams to use digital models. 消防安全工程 领域都有, 然而, not yet been able to benefit as much from these recent developments as have other construction disciplines. The Society of Fire Protection Engineers (SFPE) has identified multiple layers of information that, 添加到BIM模型中, enable the effective and productive implementation of requirements and allow for the identification of possible clashes at the very early stages of the building design process.
这包括有关消防隔间边界的信息, 灭火器和疏散路线, 除此之外. 然而,由于 消防安全检查 通常直到最后的设计阶段才执行, 设计师几乎没有动力将这些数据包含在他们的模型中. 经常, it becomes necessary only when a conflict is discovered following a labor-intensive review of 2D design plans against fire codes.
Although the capabilities offered by BIM make it possible to automate the fire safety design check process, 完全自动化尚未实现. 到目前为止，已经有几个不太成功的尝试开发了一个完全自动化的 代码合规 BIM模型中的检查器. Many developers and academic researchers are still trying to harness the power of BIM to gather the required data from the rich information provided, 执行规则, 标出不符合项. 这项工作仍在进行中. 一旦工具可用, it will enable iterative design checks at earlier stages where resolving conflicts and nonconformities is less costly and easier.
集成BIM在基于性能的设计研究中的应用
Performance-based design studies that require more information about the building are becoming increasingly important. Building information models can support performance-based design as they have the potential to ease the input of information, making performance-based simulations in different design phases less time-consuming.
知道建筑物的确切几何形状, 墙体的材料特性, 门窗, 探测器和喷水灭火系统的位置, and information about the HVAC systems can save a lot of time for fire safety engineers. 不幸的是, while IFC data models used in BIM can be fed into the Fire Dynamic Simulator and Pathfinder tools (the two commonly used tools for 火灾和烟雾蔓延模拟和疏散分析)，并非所有所需的数据都可以传输到模拟器工具中.
Integrating BIM with health and fire safety management can help fire safety professionals focus on more complex safety issues rather than spend hours collecting data. 随着目前业界和学术界对BIM的关注, 未来似乎很有希望. 了解更多关于彩宝网的信息 消防系统设计 咨询服务.
